Prevalence of the most common psychological problems during coronavirus epidemics: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Curr Probl Psychiatry 2022;23(1):41-58
© 2022 Authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonComercial-No Derivs licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Parandis Pourdehghan , Mohammad Reza Mohammadi , Seyed-Ali Mostafavi
Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Introduction. There have been so far three noteworthy epidemics caused by coronaviruses: SARS, MERS, and COVID-19. We aimed to review prevalence of the most common psychological problems during these epidemics.
Material and methods. We conducted systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies. A comprehensive search was performed in electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO/ProQuest, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Two independent reviewers searched for all English-language articles on psychological problems during coronavirus epidemics published by February 2021. We used DerSimonion-Laird random-effects model to estimate the prevalence of psychological problems. We conducted subgroup analyses to analyze the source of heterogeneity. Meta-regression model was also used.
Results. Eighty-eight eligible papers were included. The prevalence of the most common psychological problems was insomnia (27%), depression (24.8%), stress (22%), and anxiety (12.4%), respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that healthcare workers were more likely to have the mentioned psychological problems compared to survivors and the general population. According to meta-regression analyses, study tools and study populations were identified as the most important sources of heterogeneity. Variability in study tools and study populations was attributed to a high level of heterogeneity.
Conclusions. This study suggested that people during coronavirus epidemics were exposed to insomnia, depression, stress, and
anxiety far more than other psychological problems.
Keywords: anxiety, depression, coronavirus, stress, insomnia.
Streszczenie
Wstęp. Do tej pory miały miejsce trzy godne uwagi epidemie wywołane przez koronawirusy: zespół ostrej ostrej niewydolnościoddechowej (SARS) począwszy od 2002 roku, bliskowschodni zespół oddechowy (MERS) od 2012 roku oraz COVID-19 od 2019 roku. Celem naszego badania była ocena częstości występowania najczęstszych problemów psychologicznych podczas epidemii SARS, MERS i COVID-19.
Materiał i metody. Przeprowadziliśmy przegląd systematyczny i metaanalizę dostępnych badań. Przeprowadzono kompleksowe wyszukiwanie w elektronicznych bazach danych PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO/ProQuest, SCOPUS i Google Scholar. Dwóch niezależnych recenzentów przeszukało wszystkie anglojęzyczne artykuły na temat problemów psychologicznych podczas epidemii koronawirusa opublikowane do lutego 2021 r. Do oszacowania rozpowszechnienia problemów psychologicznych wykorzystaliśmy model efektów losowych DerSimoniona-Lairda. Przeprowadziliśmy analizy podgrup, aby przeanalizować źródło niejednorodności. Wykorzystano również model meta-regresji.
Dyskusja. Uwzględniono osiemdziesiąt osiem kwalifikujących się artykułów. Najczęściej występującymi problemami psychologicznymi była bezsenność (27%), depresja (24,8%), stres (22%) i lęk (12,4%). Analiza podgrup wykazała, że pracownicy służby zdrowia częściej mieli wymienione problemy psychologiczne w porównaniu z osobami, które przeżyły i ogółem populacji. Zgodnie z analizami metaregresji narzędzia badawcze i populacje badawcze zostały zidentyfikowane jako najważniejsze źródła heterogeniczności. Zróżnicowanie narzędzi badawczych i badanych populacji przypisano wysokiemu poziomowi heterogeniczności.
Wnioski. Badanie to sugeruje, że ludzie podczas epidemii koronawirusa byli bardziej narażeni na bezsenność, depresję, stres i lęki niż inne problemy psychologiczne. Informacje te mogą być pomocne w kryzysie COVID-19 i prawdopodobnych przyszłych epidemiach.
Słowa kluczowe: lęk, depresja, koronawirus, stres, bezsenność.
Pliki do pobrania
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